π The Dative Case β Der Dativ
The dative case (der Dativ) marks the indirect object β the person or thing that benefits from or receives the action. You also use it after certain prepositions and verbs. Ask: Wem? (To whom? / For whom?)
π Dative Articles
| Gender | Definite (the) | Indefinite (a/an) | Example noun |
|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine (m) | dem | einem | dem Mann / einem Mann |
| Feminine (f) | der | einer | der Frau / einer Frau |
| Neuter (n) | dem | einem | dem Kind / einem Kind |
| Plural | den (+n) | β | den Kindern |
In the dative plural, add -n to the noun if it doesn't already end in -n or -s: Kinder β den Kindern, MΓ€nner β den MΓ€nnern.
π€ Dative Pronouns
| Nominative | Dative | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | mir | to me |
| du | dir | to you |
| er | ihm | to him |
| sie | ihr | to her |
| es | ihm | to it |
| wir | uns | to us |
| ihr | euch | to you (pl.) |
| Sie | Ihnen | to you (formal) |
πΊοΈ Dative Prepositions
These prepositions always take the dative: aus, bei, mit, nach, seit, von, zu, gegenΓΌber, auΓer.
π Dative Verbs
Some verbs always take a dative object: helfen (to help), danken (to thank), gefallen (to please), gehΓΆren (to belong to), glauben (to believe). Example: Ich helfe dir.
βοΈ Γbungen
1. Fill in: Ich gebe ___ Frau die Tasche. der (f dative)
2. "He lives with his friend." β Er wohnt bei seinem Freund.
3. What is the dative of du? dir
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