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Nominativ – Akkusativ – Dativ PDF

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🇩🇪 Nominativ – Akkusativ – Dativ: Die drei wichtigsten Fälle

German has four grammatical cases. Three of them — Nominative, Accusative and Dative — appear in almost every sentence you will ever speak or write. Once you understand these three cases, over 90% of German grammar falls into place.

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Quick Trick

Ask yourself: Who is doing the action? (Nominative) / What/Whom is directly affected? (Accusative) / To/For whom? (Dative)

1. Der Nominativ (Nominative Case)

The nominative is the case of the subject — the person or thing performing the action.

GenderDefiniteIndefiniteExample
Masculine (m)dereinDer Mann schläft.
Feminine (f)dieeineDie Frau liest.
Neuter (n)daseinDas Kind spielt.
PluraldieDie Kinder lachen.

2. Der Akkusativ (Accusative Case)

The accusative is the case of the direct object — the person or thing directly affected by the verb. Ask: Wen? / Was? (Whom? / What?)

GenderDefiniteIndefiniteChange?
Masculine (m)deneinen⚠️ Changes!
Feminine (f)dieeineNo change
Neuter (n)daseinNo change
PluraldieNo change
Ich sehe den Mann. (m → den)I see the man.
Wir kaufen einen Kaffee.We are buying a coffee.

3. Der Dativ (Dative Case)

The dative is the case of the indirect object — the person for or to whom something is done. Ask: Wem? (To whom?)

GenderDefiniteIndefiniteExample
Masculine (m)demeinemIch gebe dem Mann das Buch.
Feminine (f)dereinerIch helfe der Frau.
Neuter (n)demeinemEr gibt dem Kind Milch.
Pluralden (+n)Ich danke den Lehrern.

📐 Summary: The Three Cases at a Glance

Nominative = Subject (Who does it?) → Der Hund bellt.

Accusative = Direct Object (What/Whom?) → Ich sehe den Hund.

Dative = Indirect Object (To/For whom?) → Ich gebe dem Hund Wasser.

✏️ Übungen (Practice)

1. "The dog eats the bread." — Is "the dog" Nominative or Accusative? Answer: Nominative (it performs the action).

2. Fill in: Ich sehe ___ Frau. (die/den/der?) Answer: die (feminine accusative = no change).

3. Fill in: Er gibt ___ Kind ein Geschenk. Answer: dem (neuter dative).

4. Which case follows "für"? Answer: Accusative.

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